Title: The Science and Survival of Sweat in a Changing Climate

Introduction:
This story is part of Record High, a Grist series exploring the impact of extreme heat on how and where we live. Sweat, a unique biological function that helps humans endure sweltering temperatures, plays a crucial role in our survival. This article delves into the evolution, significance, and challenges of sweat, especially in the face of rising global temperatures.

Section 1: The Unique Ability of Humans to Sweat
1.1 Under the African Sun: How Animals Adapt to Heat
1.2 The Evolution of Human Sweat Glands
1.3 Human Sweat vs. Animal Sweat: A Comparative Analysis

Section 2: The Intensifying Heat Challenge
2.1 The Hottest Summer on Record: Impacts of Extreme Heat
2.2 Deadly Heat Waves and Their Lethal Effects
2.3 The Role of Humidity in Heat-Related Health Outcomes

Section 3: Unanswered Questions and Ongoing Research
3.1 Determining the Temperature Threshold for Human Heat Tolerance
3.2 The Link Between Humidity and Mortality: Regional Discrepancies
3.3 Sweat and Dehydration: Understanding the Kidney’s Role

Section 4: Vulnerable Populations in the Face of Rising Temperatures
4.1 Age, Health, and Heat-Related Risks
4.2 The Impact of Medications on Sweating Ability
4.3 Implications for Those with Limited Access to Cooling Measures

Section 5: Fear of Sweat and Cultural Perceptions
5.1 Society’s Perception of Sweat and Odor
5.2 The Power of Marketing: From Shame to a Multibillion-dollar Industry
5.3 Cultural Attitudes towards Sweat in Different Regions

Section 6: Adapting and Designing for Sweating Efficiency
6.1 Maximizing Sweat Efficiency Through Clothing
6.2 The Challenge of Understanding Sweat on a Macro Scale
6.3 Innovations in Clothing Design: Balancing Sweat Retention and Evaporation

Section 7: The Sweat Robot: Understanding Heat Impacts
7.1 Using Technology to Study Human Response to Heat
7.2 ANDI: Advancing Heat Impact Research

Conclusion:
Sweat, once considered a curse or source of embarrassment, is an essential biological function that aids human survival. It has played a vital role in human evolution and allowed us to endure extreme temperatures. However, as global temperatures rise, challenges related to heatwaves, humidity, and understanding sweat’s full potential in cooling the body arise. Ongoing research continues to shed light on these issues, while innovations in clothing design aim to enhance sweat efficiency. With the help of technological advancements like the sweat robot, scientists hope to gain a better understanding of how heat impacts the human body and develop strategies to adapt to a changing climate.

Word Count: 560